Thank You

I would like to say THANK YOU to solarpowerrocks.com for all their useful information regarding energy tax credits and rebates for all the states in the U.S. I encourage you all to check our their website to gain more knowledge.

http://solarpowerrocks.com/

Wyoming

Solar Legislator Score: *

With the Grand Teton mountains, a corner of Yellowstone park, and lots of wide-open cowboy country, Wyoming has great natural resources that could use some protection. With millions of years of history fossilized in its mountains and prairies, and a phenomenal Native American culture, the state has to stop relying on coal. Making the switch to clean, renewable, solar energy would be the easy choice when it comes to safeguarding the West for future generations. Here’s what the Wyoming legislature has done so far to promote solar power in the state.

STATE LEGISLATION
Well, the Wyoming legislature isn’t really sure what that thing up in the sky is (not the clouds, the other bright shiny thing). Aside from a sales tax rebate for the purchase of commercial or industrial renewable energy generation equipment, and a meager rebate for residential solar systems, Wyoming has missed the boat on clean power. Worse yet, the Wyoming legislature only convenes every 2 years, so there’ll be no action before 2009 – time to start voting for new lawmakers. Oh, and call for a special session of the legislature to get crackin’ on some solar power initiatives.

NET-METERING
Wyoming started its net-metering program in 2001. Under this program, any renewable energy generation system up to 25kW in size is eligible. Each month in which your solar system generates more power than you use earns you a credit toward next month’s bill. At the end of a year-long billing cycle, the utility company will buy any left-over power you’ve generated at their wholesale rate.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVES
Homeowners can take advantage of a small incentive program for installing a solar electricity system. This rebate is limited to $3,000, or 50% of the system cost.

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
Time to install a solar electric system in your Cheyenne home? It’ll cost you about $49,500 (but don’t forget the $3,000 state rebate and the $2,000 federal tax credit – that will lower your bill to $44,500). With a state solar rating of Great, and average usage of 1,300kWh/month at $0.1023/kWh, your system will pay for itself in just 4 to 16 years. Even better, you’ll save about $1,168 to $2,385 each year on your electric bill. Your savings will rise too, since within the next 25 years, your conventional electricity rate is estimated to go up to $0.145/kWh. Still not enough to get you excited? Here are some more important thoughts to keep in mind:
550 square feet of roof area required
Estimated utility savings over 25 years of $29,205 to $59,633
$13,920 to $28,423 estimated property value increase
You’ll be keeping 341 tons of CO2 out of the atmosphere – that’s equal to planting 1001 trees or taking 60 cars off the road!

CONSENSUS
Well, what do you expect from a state whose governor, Dave Freudenthal, said at the World Energy Congress , “One thing that struck me was the extent to which Europe and the U.S. have invested a fair amount of government subsidies into particularly the wind resource as an alternative fuel, yet they have not made the similar commitment on the baseload fuels which turn out to be primarily coal and nuclear power.” Doesn’t Governor Freudenthal realize that the great plains used to be an inland sea? If he keeps promoting coal and nuclear energy, we all may get to experience what that Jurassic ocean was like. In short, Wyoming has a dismal record when it comes to solar power. Now’s the time to make a change; let’s brighten up the Wyoming renewable energy market.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/wyoming/

Wisconsin

Solar Legislator Score: ****

To be eligible for these incentives and grants, your home, business or organization must purchase electricity or natural gas from a Wisconsin utility participating in the Focus on Energy Program. Eligibility information is available on the Web site at focusonenergy.com, or by calling the Information Center at 800.762.7077.

Site Assessment Programs
Site assessments are designed to give business owners site-specific information about how solar electric, solar thermal or wind electric systems can help meet their energy needs. A facility site assessment typically costs $400 to $600 for one technology. Businesses located in the Focus on Energy territory can receive 50 percent off a commercial site assessment.
A residential renewable energy site assessment typically costs $300 to $400. Homeowners located in the Focus on Energy territory can receive this service by paying just 40 percent of the cost; Focus on Energy pays the remaining 60 percent.

REBATES
Rebates or “Cash-Back Rewards” as Wisconsin likes to call them are available for installing or expanding commercially available renewable energy systems. Rewards vary by renewable energy system type, size and by the amount of energy the system is expected to produce.
Solar electric (PV) systems: Rewards for systems with a capacity of 20 kW or less can fund up to 25 percent of the project cost, with a maximum reward of $35,000. Incentives for nonprofit or local government projects may be approved for up to 35 percent, with a maximum reward of $50,000.
Solar hot water systems: Rewards can fund up to 25 percent of the project cost, with a maximum reward of $2,500 for small systems and a maximum reward of $35,000 for systems that produce over 250 therms per year. Incentives for nonprofit or local government projects may be approved for up to 35 percent, with a maximum reward of $50,000.
Wind energy systems: Rewards for systems with a capacity of 20 kW or less can fund up to 25 percent of the project cost, with a maximum reward of $35,000.
Non-residential biomass combustion systems: Rewards can fund up to 25 percent of the project cost, with a maximum reward of $10,000.
Solar bonus for homes: Owners of Wisconsin ENERGY STAR®Homes and existing homes that have participated in the Home Performance with ENERGY STAR Program are eligible for a $500 bonus toward the cost of their solar electric or solar hot water system.

GRANTS
Businesses and organizations are eligible for Focus Grants if they purchase natural gas or electricity from a participating Wisconsin utility.

Business & Marketing Grant
These grants provide financial support to organizations and businesses that provide renewable energy services for developing their business plans and marketing materials. Focus on Energy can fund up to 50 percent of these project costs, up to a maximum of $10,000.

Feasibility Study Grant
These grants provide financial support for feasibility studies to determine whether renewable energy systems will work for you. The grant is intended to increase the ability of businesses and organizations to make informed decisions about using renewable energy systems by understanding and solving technical uncertainties. Focus on Energy can fund up to 50 percent of these project costs, up to a maximum of $10,000.

Implementation Grant
These grants provide financial support for developing large renewable energy systems with a capacity greater than 20 kW or 5,000 therms per year. The chart below summarizes the qualifying systems.

Development Grant
These grants provide financial support for large projects that are not eligible for Implementation Grants. These grants co-fund complex feasibility studies, environmental permitting, financing and other developmental activities. Focus on Energy can fund up to 50 percent of the project
costs, up to a maximum of $50,000.

Grant applications are due at noon on the last Wednesday of every month. If your application is received after noon, it will be considered the following month. Grant applications may be submitted to the Renewable Energy Grant Committee by email to renewableapplications@focusonenergy.com, by fax to 608.249.0339, or by mail to Focus on Energy, 431 Charmany Drive, Madison, WI 53719.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/wisconsin/

West Virginia

Solar Legislator Score: *

West Virginia, home to the Appalachian Mountains, and some of the most beautiful hills in the country. You say you want to get out and enjoy cultural activities like traditional music and crafts. Perhaps you want to hobnob with the bigwigs over golf at the Greenbrier? Well, clean power will let you have that chance for generations to come. How about solar energy? Well, here’s what the WV legislature has done so far…

STATE LEGISLATION
Well, maybe the legislature in West Virginia is just waiting for next year to spring a whole boatload of solar power legislation on us. Ok, maybe not… but burning coal just is not going to work if we want to keep using this planet.NET-METERING
West Virginia does have a net-metering policy in place. It was just passed in January 2007, and provides for net-metering for both commercial and residential systems up to 25kW in capacity. It is however capped at 0.01% of the utility’s peak capacity; that’s not very much. Worse yet, if you don’t have a bi-directional meter, you have to pay to have it installed, not your utility company. Any extra power you generate in a given month will be credited toward your next bill, for a 12 month billing cycle. After 12 months, there’s really no provision for what happens to any excess power you generate.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVES
Oops, West Virginia got left in the Stone Age… I mean the Coal Age. There aren’t any incentives for solar power here. It’s time to start calling your legislators to tell them to get on the ball when it comes to saving the atmosphere by promoting clean energy.

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
Here you are on the cutting edge of solar power in West Virginia. Installing your 3kW home solar electricity system in Charleston will cost about $58,500. Don’t forget about that federal tax credit though; it will save you $2,000. You’re worried that your system will take 14-34 years to pay for itself? You’ll cover the cost faster than you think if you factor in all the other perks. Using about 1,300kWh each month, for which your power company, Allegheny Power charges $0.0737/kWh, you’ll save about $830-$1570 per year on your utility bills. You also get to keep 160 tons of greenhouse gasses out of the atmosphere, which means that you and your neighbors can breathe again. After all those decades of coal power you could use some good ol’ solar energy right now. Here are a few key points to consider:
650 square feet of roof area required
$9,900-$18715 estimated property value increase
Estimated utility savings over 25 years of $20,771 to $39,266

CONSENSUS
Hey mountaineers! Your legislature has failed! What? Governor Manchin is worried about coal mine safety? Here’s a thought: retrain those miners to work in a safer industry – the solar power industry. Seriously! Coal mining may be part of the heritage of the state, but clean energy is the future of the planet. If you want to keep the state “Wild and Wonderful,” it’s time to start renewing the West Virginia political scene: vote yes on solar!

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/westvirginia/

Washington DC

Solar Legislator Score: ***

DC SOLAR LEGISLATION
The District of Columbia implemented a Renewable Portfolio Standard in 2005, with an objective of 11% of electrical power requirements to be met by “Tier 1” clean energy sources by 2022. A further condition is that .386% be achieved by solar power.
On December 5, 2006, the D.C. City Council passed Bill #16-515 which established green building standards for structures of 50,000 square feet or more. Uniquely, this bill applied to privately-owned commercial buildings as well as public buildings. Earlier that year, the D.C. Energy Office announced the creation of the District of Columbia Renewable Energy Demonstration Project (REDP) to increase the awareness and use of clean technologies. By December of 2006, $450,000 had been received from a public benefits fund, and applications were being received for demonstration projects. Both programs have solar components and are briefly described below.
These are important steps, but direct incentives to encourage widespread use of solar power by residences and commercial enterprises, are far from adequate. D.C. earns a solar legislator score of “Not bad, but…”

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, and UTILITY INCENTIVES
D.C.’s Green Building Requirement under Bill 16-515 applies to commercial, schools, and state government sectors. Applicable technologies include passive solar space heat, solar water heat, solar thermal electric, photovoltaics, wind, and daylighting. Certification requirements and other provisions of the bill can be found at the above link.
The Renewable Energy Demonstration Project (REDP) promotes the use of photovoltaics, wind, biomass, geothermal electric, chp/cogeneration, small hydroelectric, fuel cells using renewable fuels, and other distributed generation technologies. Qualified applicants are eligible for up to 50 percent of the costs associated with installing a clean energy resource, but funds are limited. Applicable sectors include commercial, residential, nonprofit, schools, local government, and institutional. Net Metering Rules for commercial, industrial, and residential customers apply to solar thermal electric, photovoltaics, wind, biomass, hydroelectric, geothermal electric, fuel cells, chp/cogeneration, anaerobic digestion, tidal energy, and microturbine systems up to 100 kW in size. Net excess generation is credited the following month at the utility’s full retail rate.
The Reliable Energy Trust Fund supports energy efficiency and renewable energy programs in the commercial, industrial, residential, general public/consumer, utility, and institutional sectors. Applicable technologies are solar water heat, solar space heat, solar thermal electric, photovoltaics, wind, biomass, hydroelectric, anaerobic digestion, and tidal energy. A surcharge paid by utility customers funds the program, which currently covers 15 approved projects.

EXAMPLE RESIDENTIAL SOLAR INSTALLATION
Washington, D.C. is a peculiar place, geopolitically speaking. The 60+ square miles of land it occupies, now owned by the federal government as a permanent home for the nation’s capital, was once a part of neighboring Maryland and Virginia. Since it is not a state but is also a city, the District of Columbia functions under a different political structure – a single municipal government that in most respects regards the City and the District as the same entity. There are nearly 600,000 residents in the City/District, but add in the multitudes from nearby communities, and the metro population is 5.3 million.
With all those people and a generous supply of sunshine (solar rating is “good”), Metro Washington is a great place for rooftop solar collectors to do their job. A 50% reduction in conventional electrical usage requires a photovoltaic system with a roof area of about 400 square feet and a system installation costing about $36,000 (mid-range estimate). Only a $2,000 federal tax credit offsets the front end investment, unfortunately; the system net cost is $34,000. Benefits:
Estimated increase in property value: $7,020
Estimated 25-year utility savings: $14,729
Greenhouse gas (CO2) saved over 25-year system life: 97.0 tons

CONSENSUS
Although the District of Columbia has initiated several pro-solar pieces of legislation, it is evident from the previous example that incentives are lacking to provide a real cash-in-the-pocket kind of motivation to go solar. Initiatives like the Renewable Portfolio Standard are extremely important, but there are other weapons in the arsenal that are still not being used by the District leadership.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/washington-dc/

Washington

Solar Legislator Score: ***

Dreary cloudy Washington? It’s really not that dreary at all. Click here to check out a solar resource map for the entire Pacific Northwest region. There, you can see during the summer months especially, the region enjoys a considerable amount of sunlight. So at least our legislators there have some sun to work with! Lets turn to the current state incentives.

The Incentives
Washington State Senate Bill SB 5101 provides consumer credits for installing small scale solar power systems connected to the grid and SB 5111 provide incentives for solar manufacturers that may be interested in moving to the state of Washington. These bills passed both the Washington House and Senate in April of 2005 by landslide margins. Not one Washington state legislator voted against these bills! How could you? That’s political suicide.

But Whoa, Not So Fast!
Well Erik, I’m here to say, 1) not so fast and 2) who are you crapping? While those power payment rates may seem huge, the annual $2,000 cap on payments per year in Washington sort of sucks. In comparison to other progressive state’s energy policies, Washington does little to offer much in terms of an across the board rebate or tax break for those installing solar systems. Some have argued that this more gradual rebate of up to $2000 per year supports long term energy efficiency instead of just getting solar panels on roofs. However, in my opinion, there aren’t many businesses that can make the upfront financial investment necessary to justify the cost without such a rebate. For example, in Oregon, there’s a $70,000 installation cap for businesses provided through the Oregon Energy Trust (Granted they aren’t paying a rate of $0.54/KwH, but hell they are at least paying up to a significant amount and the cash is available within 5 years). So in Washington, it is quite a bit more prohibitive to initially go solar - especially if you’re a business.

Installation
Already on Washington’s books are laws forgiving the state sales tax on the purchase and installation of alternative-energy equipment through 2011. Also, there are grants up to 33% provided for installation costs solar thermal electric and PV systems. They are available via "Green Tag" purchases through the Bonneville Environmental Foundation (BEF). While this is good, there is a limit on the cash BEF can dole out every year..
Solar Water Heating Rebates
Several Washington counties (Ahem, 4 out of 40) offer rebates for solar water heating systems and PVs. For example in Clallam county, solar hot water systems are eligible for a rebate of $500 for each 40 square feet of collector area installed. PV systems are eligible for a rebate of $500 for each kilowatt of capacity installed. Others:
Clark Public Utilities – SWH Rebate -$2000 Qualifying equipment must meet certain specifications.
Franklin PUD - SWH Rebate- $500 for a solar water heater with minimum 40 square foot collector.
Grays Harbor PUD - SWH Rebate - $600 for solar collectors of 40 square feet or more
Solar Water Heating Financing
Again, in a sparse amount of Washington counties, there are loans available for solar hot water heating systems:
Clark Public Utilities - Solar Loan Program-Max $4000- 5% 60 mo.
Franklin PUD - Energy Loans Max: $7000- 3% APR or 6% APR when loan combined with rebate program. Max. $850 (in the form of rebate or buying down loan from 6% to 3%).
Grays Harbor PUD - SWH Loan Maximum Loan Amount: $4,000 Terms: 3.5%

Consensus
There could be better a lot more done to spur on homeowner and small business solar implementations in Washington state. Specifically, if the state of Washington worked with the utilities in a similar way that Oregon has, there could be better incentives for businesses. Hopefully, more catalyzing legislation winds up in Olympia in the coming years.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/washington/

Virginia

Solar Legislator Score: **

STATE LEGISLATION
State Bill 1416 was enacted in April of 2007, and is referred to as the Voluntary Renewable Energy Portfolio Goal: a 12% conversion to clean energy sources by the year 2022, to be voluntarily achieved by investor-owned utilities. Applicable energy sources are solar thermal electric, photovoltaics, wind, biomass, hydroelectric, geothermal electric, energy from waste, anaerobic digestion, tidal energy, and wave energy; however, solar and wind power receive double credit toward the Renewables Portfolio Standard objectives. Illinois and Missouri are currently the only other two states that have initiated voluntary rather than mandatory compliance with RPS goals.
About the same time, Governor Timothy M. Kaine signed Executive Order 48 requiringall state agencies and institutions constructing or renovating state-owned facilities to meet stringent energy performance standards.
More recently, on September 12, 2007, Governor Kaine announced the Virginia Energy Plan, which “would reduce the rate of growth in energy use by 40 percent, reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30 percent, and seeks to increase in-state energy production by 20 percent. The Plan also calls for expanded consumer energy education, and capitalizes on areas where Virginia has a strategic advantage for economic development and research and development.” Interestingly, there is no mention of solar energy in the news release (although the article devoted several paragraphs to the Commonwealth’s switch to fluorescent bulbs); more significantly, there are few solar references in the 180-page document provided by the Commonwealth of Virginia which describes the plan.
While it is clear that Virginia’s energy policies attempt to reduce consumption, improve energy efficiency, and utilize clean energy alternatives, it is equally clear that increasing the use of solar energy has not been high on the Commonwealth’s priority list. Virginia earns a solar legislation rating of “poor”.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, and UTILITY INCENTIVES
Net Metering was implemented in Virginia in 2000 for commercial, residential, nonprofit, schools, local government, state government, and institutional sectors. Rules apply to solar thermal electric, photovoltaics, wind, biomass, hydroelectric, geothermal electric, municipal solid waste, tidal energy, and wave energy. Limits on size were increased in 2004 to the current 500 kW for non-residential and 10 kW for residential. Further changes in 2007 now allow for customers to negotiate payment from the utility company for net excess generation; otherwise monthly excess generation is carried forward as a credit against future billing.
Commercial, industrial, and residential sectors are eligible for a Local Option Property Tax Exemption for Solar, applying to passive solar space heat, solar water heat, solar space heat, solar thermal electric, and photovoltaics. Virginia allows any municipality to fully or partially exempt such installations from property taxes. Cities and counties currently offering an exemption include: Albemarle, Alexandria, Charlottesville, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Fairfax, Falls Church, Hampton, Hanover, Henrico, Isle of Wight, King and Queen, Loudoun, Lynchburg, Prince William, Pulaski, Richlands, Roanoke, Spotsylvania, Warren and Wise.
Wind and Photovoltaics are covered under provisions of the TVA - Green Power Switch Generation Partners Program for both commercial and residential installations, but only in the service areas of TVA and other power distributors participating in the Green Power Switch Generation Partners program. This is an incentive of $500 (residential only) plus $0.15/kWh (residential/small-commercial systems with a minimum output of 500 watts AC and a maximum of 50 kW) or $0.20/kWh (commercial with 50 kW maximum – or a higher negotiated system size) for 10 years.
In effect since 1996, the Solar Manufacturing Incentive Grant (SMIG) Program offers up to $4.5 million a year to qualifying new manufacturers of photovoltaic panels for a maximum of six years. The incentive is paid at a sliding rate of up to $0.75 per watt for panels sold in a calendar year, with a maximum of 6 MW. This program is administered jointly by the Virginia Department of Mines, Minerals and Energy, and the Virginia Economic Development Partnership.
The Arlington County - Green Building Incentive Program encourages developers to meet “green” building standards.

EXAMPLE RESIDENTIAL SOLAR INSTALLATION
With nearly 450,000 people, Virginia Beach is the largest city in Virginia and has been a popular vacation spot since the late 1800s. In addition to having “the longest pleasure beach in the world”, it enjoys an historical richness that adds to the appeal which draws 3 million visitors each year. In case you didn’t know, the original settlement was founded in 1607 and named Jamestown, becoming home to the first English settlers to set foot in the New World; and yes, that included the famous Captain John Smith. The city was incorporated as Virginia Beach in 1906.
Among the few things the intrepid colonial settlers DIDN’T have to worry about was the cost or source of electricity. Although today’s residents are favored with the fairly low rates charged by Dominion Virginia Power Company, on average their electrical consumptions is a relatively high 14,700 kWh/year. Both the cost and the source of electrical power are an issue which argues in favor of a solar installation.
Virginia’s solar rating is “good”. To reduce purchased electrical power by 50%, a typical photovoltaic installation in Virginia Beach would require a substantial 600 square feet of roof area. Projected cost for both equipment and installation is a mid-range estimate of $54,000, offset only by a $2,000 federal tax credit. Without rebates or other incentives from the state, its municipalities, or this utility provider, a residential user would have a net cost of $52,000. The homeowner gains the following, however:
Increase in Property Value: $8,280 to $15,147
Exempt from Property Tax: YES
25-year Utility Savings: $17,372 to $31,779
Greenhouse Gas (CO2) Saved:over 25-year system life 151.0 tons

CONSENSUS
The recently announced Virginia Energy Plan could be described as a defining of objectives more than a detailed action plan. The Governor and the State Legislators need to use the new energy plan to incorporate effective solar energy incentives that will give Virginia “a place in the sun” that goes beyond its sandy beaches.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/virginia/

Vermont

Solar Legislator Score: **

Vermont, home of Howard Dean, Jim Jeffords and many a progressive leader, has sadly not done much in the past few years to protect the mountainsides that are home to that famous fall foliage, or the state’s many lakes, trails, and farms. In the spring of 2007, House Bill 520, which was written to help reduce energy use and promote development of renewable energy, was passed by both the Vermont House and Senate. Unfortunately, Governor Jim Douglas vetoed it. For a state known for its small farms, fall foliage, maple syrup, and world class skiing, Vermont can do more to protect its environment.

STATE LEGISLATION
Vermont, despite its progressive reputation, has passed only one bill to promote solar energy in the past 2 years. This year, the Vermont legislature passed House Bill 343. This measure provides a business income tax credit for companies that install solar, geothermal, fuel cell, and micro-turbine electricity systems. On the residential side, the State has not made any new progress in the past couple of years, beyond continuing to fund its Solar and Small Wind Incentive Program. This program was originally started in 1999.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVES
Solar & Small Wind Incentive Program
Vermonters do benefit from a the Solar & Small Wind Incentive Program, originally started in 1999, which offers them rebates of $1.75/watt for individuals and businesses who install solar electricity systems, and $3.50/watt for multi-family, low-income customers. The program also provides rebates of $1.75 per 100 Btu/day to individuals and businesses who use solar water heaters and $3.50/100 Btu/day for multi-family, low-income customers. The maximum rebate is $8,750 per electric or hot water system or up to $35,000 for low-income customers.

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
Despite being in one of the cloudier regions of the US, Vermont’s solar rating is classified as Good, which makes installing a solar electricity system a great idea. A sample 3Kw system in Burlington would cost about $63,000 before any rebates are applied. After taking the $2,000 Federal tax credit, and applying the Solar & Small Wind Incentive Program rebate of $8,750 ($1.75/watt installed), the cost of installation comes down to $52,250. The system would pay for itself in 17-24 years (assuming usage of 1,300kWh/Month at a rate of $0.1122/kWh, but over that time, it will have saved 160 tons of CO2 emissions. What is even more interesting, is that with City of Burlington electricity prices estimated to rise to $0.114/kWh in 5 years and to $0.172/kWh in 25 years, the savings will only increase.

CONSENSUS
Vermont’s legislature has not done much lately to further its attempts at developing solar energy resources. With such an amazing natural environment, and its reputation for progressive politics, the legislature needs to take more action. After all, Vermont has been host to SolarFest, The New England Renewable Energy Festival, since 1998. With this kind of grassroots activity, there is definitely public support for solar energy initiatives, and the legislature should get involved too.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/vermont/

Utah

Solar Legislator Score: **

Ah, the “Greatest Snow on Earth.” Not a skier? Utah is also home to Moab, Zion & Arches National Parks, Bryce Canyon the north rim of the Grand Canyon, Lake Powell and more. Oh yeah, and the Great Salt Lake too. With all of those great things to see outdoors, Utah needs renewable solar power to keep looking good. What has the Utah legislature done so far to promote clean energy? Have a look…

STATE LEGISLATION
In 2007, the Utah legislature passed an amendment to the 2001 act that created a tax credit for installing clean energy generation equipment. What did this amendment do? Well, it extended the expiration date on the existing act (check out the details below under Rebates and Incentives).Governor Jon Huntsman Jr. has taken some steps in the right direction too. He has joined the Western Governors Association Clean Energy Initiative. what’s that, you ask? One of its main goals is to produce 30,000 Megawatts of clean energy by 2015. That’s a great start. Most of Utah’s efforts have focused on wind energy though. Let’s ramp up some solar power too!

NET-METERING
In 2002, Utah set up rules that require all investor-owned electric utilities and cooperative utilities to offer net-metering to customers with renewable energy systems that generate up to 25kW (municipal utilities are exempt from this rule). The real drawback to the regulation is that it is capped at 0.1% of the 2001 peak operating capacity for each utility. With energy use increasing, that’s not going to let too many people in on the plan. Under the net-metering deal, you get a credit on your next monthly bill for any excess power you generate in a given month, for up to a year. If at the end of the year, you’ve still generated more power than you use, you give the power company a nice little gift. Keep in mind though that your gift is also saving the planet, so don’t let the net-metering policy discourage you from installing your solar system now.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVES
The Utah Department of Natural Resources is home to information about the Renewable Energy Systems Tax Credit. Utah residents can take a tax credit for 25% of the cost of installing a solar system at home (capped at $2,000). If that’s more than your tax liability, you can spread the credit over as many as four years. Corporate customers can take a tax credit for 10% of the cost of a system that generates more than 660 kW (capped at $50,000).
Until 2009, energy companies and commercial customers do not have to pay sales tax on renewable energy generation equipment, under the Renewable Energy Sales Tax Exemption. The City of St. George offers a great rebate of $2,000/kW AC generated from solar or wind power. The residential rebate is capped at $6,000, but that’s perfect for your 3kW system at home. Commercial customers are eligible for a rebate of up to $20,000.
Rockey Mountain Power (a Pacificorp subsidiary) offers a similar rebate of $2.00/watt AC. Their rebate is also capped at $6,000 for residential customers, but goes up to $30,000 for commercial customers. Hurry though, this rebate runs out on January 31, 2008.

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
It’s time to install that 3kW solar electricity system you’ve been thinking about. In Salt Lake City, you’ll need to shell out about $49,500, but you do get $2,000 tax credits from both the state and federal governments. If you’re a typical customer using about 1,300kWh each month, your solar system should pay for itself in about 25 years since the state has a Great solar rating (assuming a rate of $0.0781/kWh with Pacificorp). While your system is paying for itself, you’ll also be saving over $880 each year on your utility bills. Your savings should grow too since rates will jump to about $0.08/kWh in 5 years and $0.121/kWh in 25 years. Even better, you’ll be keeping over 297 tons of greenhouse gasses out of the atmosphere; that’s like planting 872 trees or taking 52 cars off the road. Check out these other important details and benefits:
*550 square feet of roof area required
*Estimated property value increase of $10,520
*Estimated utility savings over 25 years of $22,072

CONSENSUS
Utah is feeling the pressure from its neighboring states, like Nevada, California, Oregon, and New Mexico. Governor Huntsman and the legislature are starting to take some steps toward using renewable energy. It’s time to get to work on clean solar power too. That could really help Utah stay clean well into the future.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/utah/

Texas

Solar Legislator Score: **

From the Gulf Coast, through the panhandle and the hill country, all the way out to the Rio Grande, from Austin to San Antonio, Texas is home to a great variety of beautiful scenery and places. Promoting clean energy could help keep this unique place looking good for generations. What’s being done to keep that yellow rose blooming? Have a look!

STATE LEGISLATION
Since 1999 the state has done well promoting wind energy, but hasn’t made much progress on solar energy. The Texas legislature considered some important legislation on solar energy programs in 2007, but the bill suffered defeat as a byproduct of partisan politics. Because the legislature works on a 2-year schedule, this means that solar power won’t get considered in Texas again until 2009.

NET-METERING
Texas has pretty limited rules on net-metering due to deregulation of the energy market. Net metering and interconnection is mandated where the utility is investor owned (for renewable energy systems up to 50kW). These utilities must credit the user at full retail value up to the amount of energy consumed on-site. Users are then credited at the wholesale value for any net excess power generated. On the other hand, energy coops are not required to offer interconnection and net-metering. As a result, each coop gets to make up its own policy.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVES
Austin Energy is one power company that does offer a good rebate program for installing a solar photovoltaic system. For residential customers, the rebate is $4.50/watt installed (or $5.60/watt if you use a local Austin installer) up to 80% of the cost or $13,500 (whichever is less). For commercial customers, the cap is $100,000.

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
Here’s an estimate for building a 3kW solar electricity system in Houston. Texas has a solar rating of good, making Houston a cost-effective place to install solar panels. A system like this would cost about $34,000. Although that’s a bit steep since the only rebate is the Federal one, you do get the added benefit of increasing your property value by more than $10,000, and that’s tax free. The system should pay for itself in about 25 years, but it will keep Texas green for generations to come by saving 160 tons of greenhouse gas emissions. Keep in mind that there are many power companies to choose from, and this sample uses Green Mountain Energy, a utility that provides 100% of its power from renewable sources. It turns out that according to our calculations, their electricity costs less than that provided by some of their competitors. However, even Green Mountain’s rates are estimated to rise to $0.087/kWh in 5 years and to $0.132/kWh in 25 years.

CONSENSUS
While Texas has done well with wind energy, now generating 2,700MW, the legislature has been pretty ineffective when it comes to solar energy. By deregulating the energy market, the legislature has left it up to individual power companies to come up with solar initiatives. With so much sun falling on the Lone Star State, legislators need to get on the ball and set some rules to encourage solar power generation at all those wayward power companies that have not yet started their own programs.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/texas/

Tennessee

Solar Legislator Score: *

Home to Elvis and the great Nashville music scene, Tennessee is also known for its mountains and rivers. With a little bit of everything under the sun, how is Tennessee harnessing the power of clean energy to preserve the environment for years to come? Well, not much is happening yet, but read on to find out.

STATE LEGISLATION
In the past 2 years Tennessee’s legislative record on solar energy has been non-existent to be polite. Governor Bredeson hasn’t even mentioned the words “solar energy” in the past two years. So, for the moment, the solar energy market is all volunteer in Tennessee.

NET-METERING
As of 2007, Tennessee doesn’t have a net metering policy, so it’s a utility company free for all.

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
Installing a typical 3kW solar electricity system in Memphis would cost about $54,000, but the federal tax credit of $2,000 does apply. The state solar rating is Good, so it would take about 30 years for the system to pay for itself. The real savings however, comes from the fact that you’d be saving over $850 each year on your utility bills while raising your property value over $10,000. Lastly, but most importantly, you’d be keeping 160 tons of greenhouse gasses out of the atmosphere.

CONSENSUS
Well volunteers, your legislature has let you down on solar energy and other renewable power sources. It’s time to get down to business and make solar power a priority in Tennessee. Maybe it’s time for new faces in the capitol; let’s get some people who will take action to protect the environment and promote clean energy.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/tennessee/

South Dakota

Solar Legislator Score: *

With Mount Rushmore, the Crazy Horse Memorial, the Badlands, and the Black Hills, who wouldn’t want to be out in the sun in South Dakota. Oh yeah, it’s the home of the Sturgis Harley rally too. With people coming from all around the world to visit, South Dakota should use renewable energy to keep powered up while protecting its great natural environment. Here’s what the state legislature has done to promote clean solar energy so far…

STATE LEGISLATION
Ummm… well, they’re getting to it. Since 1975, the state has had a property tax exemption for renewable energy equipment, but that’s about as much as the state has done for solar power so far. That’s really pretty meager, so write, call, email, visit your legislators and remind them that it’s their job to pass some laws promoting clean solar power.

NET-METERING
Maybe the legislature will get something going soon, but for now, it’s up to your utility company to decide how to net-meter your new solar electricity system.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVES
Under the Renewable Energy Systems Exemption, the equipment you install to generate clean solar power is exempt from property tax. You can take a tax credit for the full cost of the system for each of the first 3 years, after that you get three more years in which you can take 75%, 50%, and 25% of the cost respectively.

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
You’ve made the right choice to be the neighborhood leader and put in a 3kW solar electricity system at home. In Sioux Falls, your system will run about $54,000, so don’t forget to take the federal tax credit of $2,000. Since South Dakota has a Good solar rating, you’ll have plenty of sun to help your system pay for itself in about 30 years (with an average usage of 1,300kWh each month at a rate of $0.0748/kWh through the City of Sioux Falls Utility). If the price sounds steep to you, remember that you’ll be saving over $840 each year on your utility bills, and even more importantly, you’ll be keeping 160 tons of greenhouse gasses out of the atmosphere. Here are a few more key points to keep in mind about your system:
600 square feet of roof area required
$10,060 estimated property value increase – tax exempt!
$21,107 estimated savings on your utility bills over 25 years

CONSENSUS
There’s really not much going on here. I think it’s time to find some new legislators in South Dakota. Governor Rounds has not really even mentioned the words “solar power.” He’s jumped on the biofuel/ethanol bandwagon instead. South Dakota, it’s time to kick the habit, and detox with some nice clean solar energy.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/south-dakota/

Rhode Island

Solar Legislator Score: *****

STATE LEGISLATION
Among the earliest Colonists to arrive in America, those who settled in the colony of Rhode Island were probably the feistiest and most independent. By 1663 they had negotiated a charter with King Charles II establishing Rhode Island as a highly autonomous self-governing colony with religious freedom and recognized territorial claims. Theirs was the most generous charter to be issued by England, but pressure was growing in the Motherland to tighten up colonial control.
The colonists were reluctant to give up what they had achieved, and on May 4, 1776, Rhode Island became the first of the thirteen original colonies to break from British Rule and declare independence. The people of Rhode Island were also the first to engage in armed hostilities with the British. True to form, they were the last to ratify the Declaration of Independence, demanding that the Bill of Rights be added to guarantee individual freedoms. Rhode Island, in spite of its diminutive size, has obviously played a large role in shaping the history of this country, as well as their own destiny.
They continue to shape their own destiny in modern times in matters of energy independence. In April of 2007, Governor Donald L. Carcieri submitted Senate bill 943 to the General Assembly to create the Rhode Island Power Authority to drive alternative energy development. In 2004, the state had adopted a Renewable Portfolio Standard that calls for 20% of Rhode Island’s energy needs to be met by clean energy sources. It is an aggressive commitment, consistent with the array of individual incentive programs that encourage solar power development (see below). Rhode Island’s lawmakers have earned a Solar Legislator Score of “Excellent”.

EXAMPLE RESIDENTIAL SOLAR INSTALLATION
Providence, the State Capitol, is also the largest city in Rhode Island. Electrical service is provided by Narragansett Electric (National Grid), a utility which serves 38 communities and 465,000 customers throughout the state. Rates are generally high throughout the New England area, and Rhode Island averages 13.04 cents/kWh applied to an average usage of about 7440 kWh/year. The solar rating here is “good”, but that is not the only reason why power from the sun is a good bet in this state. To reduce dependence on conventional electricity by 50%, a Photovoltaic system will require 350 square feet of roof area, and equipment and installation costs will be approximately $31,500 (mid-range estimate). Now let’s look at what it will actually cost you after taking advantage of Rhode Island’s progressive solar incentive programs.
Expected state rebate: $14,175
State tax credit/deduction: $4,331
Less income tax on state tax credit: ($1,213)
Federal tax credit: $2,000
Estimated NET COST: $12,207
Increase in Property Value: $8,540
25-year Utility Savings: $17,918
Greenhouse gas (CO2) saved over 25-year system life: 76.0 tons

CONSENSUS
Rhode Island has taken the “holistic” approach, and is tackling the state’s energy problems on a broad front. The previous example shows how a potential solar user can benefit significantly from just a couple of the state’s legislative actions. Keep up the good work, Rhode Island. ‘Nuff said.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/rhodeisland/

Pennsylvania

Solar Legislator Score: ***

Update 9/1/08 -
We’re pleased to inform you that Governor Rendell signed the Alternative Energy Investment fund several weeks ago. However, specific details on how cash is going to flow from the new program to your checking account once you go solar are lacking. As a Pennsylvania homeowner considering solar, you should know the following if you are looking for money:

1. The Energy Cooperative of Pennsylvania will purchase the electricity your solar system produces for 20 cents/kwh. However, to participate in the program, you must be a member of the cooperative and they need to be in demand for your solar electricity as part of their energy mix. For 2008, they have already achieved their target of 3% of its energy coming from solar (By the way 87% comes from hydro-power). So currently, even if you go solar this year, they will not purchase the electricity you produce until they demand more. To be considered for 2009 budgeting they recommend you leave your full name and contact information with their office (800-223-5783 or 215-413-2122).

2. The Sustainable Development Fund historically has granted Pennsylvania homeowners up to $25,000 for qualifying solar systems. That’s a LOT of cash. However, they are now out of cash! Consequently, they are no longer accepting applications this year. Check back later they say. Frustrating, we know.

3. The Department of Environmental Protection will administer the bulk of future state grants, rebates and incentives for Pennsylvania home solar installations. They are currently developing the specifics of the consumer and small business programs, as well as the guidelines and application procedures. Hopefully, they get the ball rolling shortly. A lot of Pennsylvanians would like details before the federal tax credits for solar expire.

4. While the state is busy figuring out how the solar rebate and incentive procedures will be structured, we recommend having multiple local installers come out and give you a quote for your solar system in the interim. That way, you’ll know what your upfront cost will be before rebates and you can begin budgeting.

Update 7/16/08 -
Special Session Senate Bill 1
A few weeks ago, the Pennsylvania Senate held a special session and finally passed some meaningful solar energy legislation for home and business-owners. While the bill passed by a 44-5 margin, the House of Representatives still needs to vote on it. The odds are good that this bill passes. So, some congratulations are in order on making it this far. The bill earmarks $650 million for alternative energy investments and is front-loaded over the next two years to provide some immediate impact. Specifically, it provides up to $100 million dollars in loans, grants, and rebates of up to 35% of the purchase and installation costs of solar and PV panels. More information will follow once this bill hopefully becomes law.
While this is great news, the legislature has stalled on passing House Bill 2200. This bill would allow almost all Pennsylvania utility customers to benefit from the implementation of smart utility meters and real time pricing. Many customers do not realize when they are being charged for energy consumed at peak demands. Smart meters would allow those customers to see when their usage is being charged at a higher rate, thus encouraging energy conservation.

Small Business Incentives
Here’s a list of where to get information, help, and most importantly, MONEY, for energy efficient improvements for your small business if you live in Pennsylvania. As far as homeowners are concerned, refer to the update at the top of this page.

1. EMAP, the Environmental Management Assistance Program was created by the Pennsylvania Small Business Development Centers which have consultants to help you (for free) in anything dealing with Energy Efficiency. Here you can sign up for an energy assessment and someone will come out and see where you would best be benefited by energy efficiency improvements. You can also call 877-ASK-EMAP and get a free consultant to answer any questions about energy efficiency.

2. The Small Business Advantage Program grants money for energy efficiency upgrades like solar power and pollution prevention. That’s free money…. but they’re out of it. Gotta wait till next year.

3. “Growing Greener” is a PA program with a boatload of cash ($600 mil) to dole out for green projects.

4. “Energy Harvest” is another PA grant program where Pennsylvania fights for Federal grant money.

5. “AFIG,” The Alternative Fuels Incentive Grant Program is a fairly small PA grant program with money for things like bio diesel, so if you want to convert your old diesel benzo you might be able to get some free ducats here for that…. But no money for rims :-(… I checked.

6. Yay, more acronyms… The PPAA, or Pollution Prevention Assistance Account Loan Program has low interest loans for small business taking on projects to reduce waste, pollution, or energy use (yay, that mean solar power!). You can get up to 75% of the cost of the project at a rate of, no kidding, 2%… BAM!

7. SAG, the Site Assessment Grant Program funds up to 80 percent of the cost of a site assessment. It’s closed for the time being… call 717-772-8951 to find out if and when it re-opens. Also, while you’re at it, another program out of money that will reopen is PEDA, the Pennsylvania Energy Development Authority from which you can solicit money….. next year.

8. NEWPA offers some low-interest loans for small business complying with some energy efficient practices.

Hope this helps… this covers the vast majority of ways to get free money or cheap money in Pennsylvania for your solar power projects.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/pennsylvania/

Oregon

Solar Legislator Score: ****

Oregon, sweet Oregon. Home to numerous wineries, beaches, rainforests, the cascade range, Columbia Gorge, high desert, and the lovely city of Portland. Luckily for the state, the congress and senate have recently passed some of the most progressive solar legislation in the entire country. This means it will be much easier for home and business owners to pay off investments in clean energy, hopefully leaving much of the Gorge water clear blue as ever. Well, what exactly did they do? Take a look!

The Renewable Energy Standard
In the 2007 session, the Oregon legislature passed the Renewable Energy Act and signed the bill into law June 6th, 2007. What did this do? Well, by 2025, major utilities will be required to harvest at least 25% of their energy from renewable sources. Pretty good! Where is all this energy gonna come from?
The University of Oregon Solar Energy Center reports that solar energy is, by a substantial margin, Oregon’s most abundant energy resource. In fact, Its capability to produce electricity, heat and light for buildings exceeds that of all other energy resources in Oregon - including hydro and wind.

<--- This image is actually a solar energy resource map for the entire state for the month of July. While this picture is a little less sunny for the month of December, the entire area boasts annual solar energy exceeding most of Europe and Japan, New England, the Middle Atlantic States south to Virginia, and the upper Midwest. The resource is clearly there, we’ll keep up to date on larger scale solar power plant installations for the area. Some have been proposed for the Eastern desert areas of the state.

Oregon State Tax Credits
Over this past year the business tax credit for all solar installations in Oregon increased from 35% to 50% (Up to $20 Million dollars)! That’s the largest incentive in the nation. The credit must be taken over 5 years at 10% of all eligible installation costs per year. For homeowners, the tax credit is up to $6000 based at $3 per watt. $1,500 maximum can be claimed per year. The system must be verified by a tax-credit certified technician and be comprised of new UL listed equipment. The minimum system size for the tax credit is 200 watts.

BPA Bright Way Solar Thermal Program
The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) has launched a Northwest region solar thermal program called Bright Way. The bright way program was initially developed by the Eugene Water and Electric Board (EWEB).
BPA has adopted the program specifications and is offering the program free to Northwest utilities. Each utility offers unique incentives along with the Bright Way program so check with your local utility to see if they offering Bright Way incentives.
If your utility isn’t offering Bright Way incentives ask them why not! And then make a recommendation that they contact the BPA and adopt the Bright Way program.

Oregon State Loans
The purpose of the Oregon Department of Energy (ODOE) Energy Loan Program (also known as SELP) is to promote energy conservation and renewable energy resource development.
The Energy Loan Program can loan to individuals, businesses, schools, cities, counties, special districts, state and federal agencies, public corporations, cooperatives, tribes, and non-profits. Projects must be in Oregon.

Energy Trust of Oregon Solar Programs
The Energy Trust of Oregon (ETO) was recently established as a result of Oregon’s electricity restructuring bill. Currently the ETO offers several programs for residential and commercial solar installations.
Since the ETO’s funding comes from a 3% public benefits charge on PGE and PacifiCorp customers, these incentives are only available to PGE and PacifiCorp customers. NW Natural Gas customers are also eligible for solar thermal incentives. For more information on ETO programs contact the ETO or one of the solar trade allies listed on the ETO website.

Consensus
Of recent, the Oregon legislature has done a very good job getting solar bills enacted. Let’s hope other states jump on the bandwagon. As a result of all of these Oregon programs, some local companies have even decided to integrate solar into their manufacturing plants. For instance, Pepsi Cola recently installed solar panels at their facility in Klamath which generates all the power for the entire plant! 172 kilowatts in three locations! The install cost over a million dollars but will pay itself off in about 10 years. From John Bocchi, general manager, Pepsi Cola of Klamath Falls. “I don’t know why more businesses aren’t taking advantage of this. It makes financial sense and it’s the right thing to do.” Well, how’d they finance this? 4 Steps.
1.Oregon Department of Energy: $444,412 Business Energy Tax Credits
2.Energy Trust of Oregon: $210,000 Incentives
3.Oregon Energy Loan Program: $950,000 Loan
4.Accelerated State and Federal Depreciation Schedule

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/oregon/

Oklahoma

Solar Legislator Score: **

Oklahoma, the Sooner state. With the Ozark mountains, Cypress swamps and Grand Lake, not to forget the plains and prairies, Oklahoma needs the sun to keep itself looking good. Solar power and other clean energies could keep the state’s cities and towns bustling while protecting the land and waters that bring life to the Sooners. The state legislature has not done much to promote renewable energy sources, but here’s a guide to what they’ve been thinking about.

STATE LEGISLATION
Governor Brad Henry seems to have put all his eggs in the bio-fuel basket, and has yet to mention solar power. Hey Governor Henry, what makes all that corn grow to make bio-diesel? Hint: the sun.
Despite a history of getting an early start, the Sooner state legislature is behind the times when it comes to solar energy. In 2006 Republican Representative Randy Terrill did introduce House Bill 2512 which would have provided tax credits for installing a residential solar system, but sadly the bill didn’t pass. It would have been a great chance for Oklahoma to ramp up its use of clean power since the credits ran from 10% for a geothermal system to 40% of the cost for a solar photovoltaic system!
While House Bill 1387 passed both the Oklahoma house and senate by wide margins early in 2007, it has since bogged down with conspicuously little comment from the state’s leadership. This important piece of legislation would provide state tax credits equal to 40% of the equipment and construction/installation costs of solar and wind systems. Oklahoma is currently the sixth leading producer of wind power in the nation. HB 1387 would expand the use of renewable energy to residential and business customers, and pave the way for a more important contribution from solar power. Unless and until this legislation is passed, Oklahoma’s solar rating will continue to be poor.

NET-METERING
Oklahoma allows net-metering for any power generation system up to 100kW in size. The drawback is that the utility is not required to purchase net excess power generated. A customer can ask that the utility purchase power at the wholesale rate. As you might imagine, this policy doesn’t give much of an incentive to generate clean energy. Net Metering Rules which govern solar thermal electric, photovoltaics, wind, biomass, hydroelectric, geothermal electric, municipal solid waste, and chp/cogeneration are available to commercial, industrial, residential, and general public/consumer systems with a generating capacity of 100 kW or annual energy output of 25,000 kWh/year – whichever is less. Agreements to purchase excess power generated by the customer are commonly negotiated with the utility company.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVESThere are no residential incentives, rebates or credits in Oklahoma, but utilities can take a tax credit if they produce electricity from renewable sources under a provision in Title 68 of the Oklahoma statutes. A 2006 amendment extends the credit to any electricity producer generating more than 1 MW of clean power. For electricity generated between now and January 1 2012, the credit is $0.0025/kWh and between January 1, 2012 and January 1, 2016, the credit goes up to $0.005/kWh.

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
With a solar rating of Great, paying for a 3kW home solar electricity system should be easy. In Oklahoma City, it would cost about $49,500 to install a typical system. Don’t forget that you can take a $2,000 federal tax credit too. For an average household using 1,300kWh each month, at a rate of $0.0858/kWh with OG&E Electric Services, it should take about 25 years to break even. During that time, though, you’ll be saving nearly $975 each year on your utility bills, and you’ll add about $11,600 to your property value. Here are few more important details about your system:
*550 square feet of roof area required
*Estimated utility savings over 25 years of $24,338
*You’ll keep a whopping 268.5 tons of CO2 out of the atmosphere; that’s like taking 66 cars off of the road or planting 1177 trees!

CONSENSUS
Oklahoma has made remarkable progress in the development of wind power, although that may be more the result of efforts by its two largest power providers than state legislators. OGE Energy, parent company of Oklahoma Gas & Electric, recently announced plans to more than quadruple wind power production from 170 mW to 770 mW, and is also constructing a high-capacity transmission line in the western part of the state. (Interestingly, green pricing customers are now buying wind power at about the same rate as electricity from traditional sources.) Public Service Company of Oklahoma, a unit of energy giant American Electric Power, is currently an even larger producer of wind power in the state and equally committed to growing that market.
However, Oklahoma will have to do some serious work promoting solar power and other clean energy sources to be considered an environmentally responsible state in the 21st century. The state legislature has considered very few renewable energy bills, and has passed even fewer – just one in the last 2 years, and it was an amendment to an existing rule. It’s more than OK to jump on the solar power bandwagon sooner, not later! If Oklahoma really wants to make a change in its energy market, the legislature needs some renewal; vote in some lawmakers who care about the Sooner State.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/oklahoma/

Ohio

Solar Legislator Score: ***

Update 4/5/08 : “The Governor of Ohio, Ted Strickland, has ended the Residential renewable energy grant, which has virtually pulled the rug out from under us. The cost of Solar/Wind is prohibitive without a rebate. We are concentrating our efforts to commercial businesses, farms and small rural businesses for now.” I will update this state page soon. I am very busy.
On August 29, 2007, Ohio Governor Ted Strickland announced his Energy, Jobs and Progress Plan, an initiative which includes an “Advanced Energy Portfolio Standard” requiring at least 25 percent of the electricity sold in Ohio to be generated from renewable and advanced energy technologies by 2025. No less than half of that energy will come from renewable sources, including biomass, wind, solar, biomass, geothermal, and hydro power. Unfortunately, there were no specific numbers allocated to solar power sources. State Bill 221 is working its way through the state’s legislative system; the Senate’s version of the bill was unveiled on October 26, 2007, and seems to be moving closer to becoming state law. There is good news favoring the bill’s passage from a commissioned analysis by ICF International released in July 2007. The study concludes that requiring Ohio utility companies to meet the new standards (which are similar to those in neighboring Pennsylvania) will result in a negligible increase in wholesale electrical prices.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVESSince 1978, the Ohio Department of Development has offered 100% property and sales tax exemptions to businesses who utilize solar and other renewable energy technologies. Through a grant program described at http://www.odod.state.oh.us/cdd/oee/elfgrant.htm, the ODOD subsidizes Solar Water Heat, Solar Space Heat, Photovoltaics, and a variety of other alternative energy solutions for just about every type of user, including residential. Awards can be up to $3.50 per watt with a maximum grant award of $25,000 per residence. Incentive funds are limited, and a number of conditions apply, including the requirement that service must be provided by one of the four following investor-owned utilities: American Electric Power, Duke Energy, Dayton Power & Light, and First Energy.

CONSENSUS
Ohio’s pending Advanced Energy Portfolio Standard is a move in the right direction to reducing the state’s dependency on fossil fuels, but of little direct benefit to homeowners. The primary incentive for residential conversion to renewable energy sources will be the state’s Energy Loan Fund (ELF) grants, which can provide a significant benefit to homeowners planning solar installations – up to $25,000. Wouldn’t it be nice, though, if owners of solar-powered residences were rewarded with property tax relief? This and sales tax relief have been available to businesses for decades.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/ohio/

North Dakota

Solar Legislator Score: ***

North Dakota has a little of everything that make the northern plains great: wide open spaces, phenomenal archeological digs, Painted Canyon, and Native American and pioneer historic sites. Oh, it also has ranches, wineries, and the Maah Daah Hey trail – with 97 miles of some of the best single track biking around. All of that history and outdoor excitement needs clean solar power to preserve it for generations to come. How has the North Dakota legislature done with promoting renewable energy? Read on…

STATE LEGISLATION Renewable Portfolio StandardIn March of 2007, the North Dakota legislature took a step in the right direction, setting a renewable energy standard of 10% to be reached by 2015. That means that 10% of all the energy generated in the state must come from renewable sources. The only drawback is that this is just an objective, so if any particular utility company doesn’t meet that goal, there are no consequences. Also in 2007, the state legislature passed a property tax exemption for your solar power equipment. That means that the increase in your property value from installing a solar electricity system doesn’t raise your taxes. That exemption continues for 5 full years after you install the system.

NET-METERING
North Dakota’s net-metering policy dates back to 1991 and systems up to 100kW in capacity are eligible. The best part of the regulation is that if you generate more than you use in a particular month, the utility company is required to pay you for it at the going wholesale rate.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVES
Passed back in 2001, the Renewable Energy Tax Credit gives North Dakota residents the ability to take a 3% tax credit each year for the cost of their renewable energy generation equipment. That credit lasts for 5 years, so you can take up to 15% of the cost of your system off on your taxes overall.As of 2007 your solar power equipment is also exempt from property tax. All of it; you pay nada when it comes to the increase in property value from your solar panels.

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
You live in Fargo and you’ve decided to take the plunge and set up your own solar electricity system. Great idea! Here’s an example of what your system might be like. First things first; North Dakota has a Good solar rating, so you’ll have no problem finding enough sunlight to get your system fired up. Equipment and installation will run you about $58,500. Don’t forget though that the state gives you a tax credit for 15% of the cost (That’s $8,775!), and you can take a $2,000 federal tax credit too. With that in mind your system should pay for itself in about 29 years (assuming an average usage of 1,300kWh/month at $0.0748/kWh). It gets better though, since you’ll save about $844 every year on your utility bills. And that’s not all; since electricity prices are estimated to rise to $0.081/kWh in 5 years, and to a whopping $0.123/kWh in 25 years, your savings will continue to rise every year. But wait, there’s more… check out some more key points about your system:
*650 square feet of roof area required
*$10,060 estimated property value increase – tax exempt!
*$21,107 estimated utility savings over 25 years
*313.5 tons of CO2 kept out of the atmosphere; that’s equal to taking 55 cars off the road or planting 918 trees!

CONSENSUS
Well, compared with South Dakota and some of the other neighboring states, the North Dakota legislature is leaps and bounds ahead when it comes to solar energy. With a nod toward a renewable energy standard and some nice incentives, North Dakota has started to wean itself off of fossil.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/north-dakota/

North Carolina

Solar Legislator Score: *****

From the Great Smoky Mountains down to Cape Fear on the Atlantic coast, North Carolina has a natural environment to be proud of. With everything from golf to wineries, the great outdoors is part and parcel of living in the Tar Heel state. Don’t forget those Carolina blue skies, either. How has the state been protecting this environment by promoting renewable energy sources such as solar power? Check out the steps they’ve been taking to clean up North Carolina’s energy market.

STATE LEGISLATION
North Carolina has been doing fairly well with promoting clean power over the past few years. In August 2007, North Carolina overhauled its renewable energy rules with Senate Bill 3, which authorized tax credits for solar power generation. Senate Bill 3 also requires that the state generate at least 12.5% of its power from renewable sources by 2021. That’s not a phenomenal percentage, but then North Carolina is the first state in the Southeast to adopt a renewable energy standard, so kudos to the legislature for being first into the water.

NET-METERING
In October 2005 the Utilities Commission laid out rules for net-metering by investor-owned utilities in North Carolina; the order was amended in 2006. Maximum system capacities were set at 20kW for residential customers and 100kW for businesses. The utilities are only required to enroll 0.2% of the last year’s peak load, meaning that new systems are subject to a first-come, first-served allocation plan until 2018 when this becomes the minimum. Net excess power generated is credited back to the user on the next monthly bill. At the beginning of each summer season, any credit for net excess generation is granted to the utility. The North Carolina Utilities Commission only wants individuals to develop electrical generation systems that meet their own personal or corporate needs. Lastly, the net-metering program requires that customers switch to time-of-use metering.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVES
Renewable Energy Tax Credits
In 2007, when the legislature passed Senate Bill 3, tax credits became available to both residential and corporate customers in North Carolina. The credit covers up to 35% of the cost of a solar electricity or other renewable energy system, capped at $10,500 for residential systems and a whopping $2.5 million for commercial and industrial systems. Residential customers get that credit all in one year unless the total is more than 50% of their tax liability. If so, the rest of the credit is spread over 5 years. Businesses are required to take their credit over 5 years.
One really cool feature of Senate Bill 3 is that you can also take a tax deduction for a donation to a non-profit organization that is working on a renewable energy project. This is a great way to get people on the clean power bandwagon!

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
Installing a typical 3kW solar electricity system in Charlotte would cost around $54,000. However, with a state solar rating of Good, the system should generate plenty of power to pay for itself in a short time. After taking federal and state tax credits as well as a great $0.20/kWh rebate (dispersed over the life of the system), the overall cost can be under $10,000! With that rebate, your system should pay for itself in about 1-5 years! On top of all that savings, you will be keeping tons of greenhouse gasses out of the atmosphere and saving nearly $100 a month on your utility bills!

CONSENSUS
When compared to their neighbors in the Southeast, North Carolina has been doing great things to promote solar power and other clean energy sources. Most of the real work that has been done by the legislature has come in the last couple of years. 2007 was a breakthrough year for renewable energy in the state, but it’s not time to rest yet. North Carolina could become a model for the rest of the Southeast if state leadership continues to build up a market for solar power.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/north-carolina/

New York

Solar Legislator Score: *****

LEGISLATION
Bill 08690 was passed in the New York State Assembly on June 13, 2007, by a vote of 141 to 5, and is continuing to work its way through the legislative process. This important piece of legislation will expand the size and scope of renewable/sustainable energy systems covered under the state’s Net Metering provisions. Under the bill, as amended on October 23, 2007, residential customers with systems up to 25 kW and commercial customers with systems up to 2mW in capacity will receive credit for excess generated power. The credit carries forward to be applied to future monthly billing; at the end of the contract year any excess is surrendered back to the utility. These new provisions extend to electrical power generated from solar and wind sources, as well as farm waste.
New York adopted a Renewable Portfolio Standard in 2004, making it one of the first states to participate in a mandated effort to move its public utility companies toward alternative energy sources. The targeted goal is a 24% reliance on clean energy by the year 2013 for all investor-owned utilities.
In much earlier legislation in 1996, another important step was taken by New York‘s Public Service Commission (PSC) in the establishment of a System Benefits Charge (SBC) to fund “public policy initiatives not expected to be adequately addressed by New York’s competitive electricity markets”. Administered by The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA), the program targets energy efficiency, research and development, and improvements in the low-income sector. Funds are supplied by the state’s six investor-owned electric utilities through fees collected from customers. According to the state Public Service Commission “…the NYSERDA SBC-funded Energy $mart program reduced annual electricity use in New York by about 2,360 GWh as of year end 2006 and with annual total bill savings for participating customers estimated at $340 million”.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, and UTILITY INCENTIVES
In 2001, commercial and multi-family structures utilizing passive solar space heat, solar water heat, solar space heat, photovoltaics, fuel cells, or daylighting became eligible for New York’s Green Building Tax Credit Program (Corporate). Owners and tenants of buildings which meet specified “green standards” can claim a credit against corporate taxes, insurance corporation taxes, and banking corporation taxes. A Green Building Tax Credit Program (Personal) is quite similar, providing a credit which can be applied to personal income taxes.
The Town of Riverhead on Long Island has initiated a local Green Building Incentive. Building permits on qualifying commercial and residential solar energy systems and other energy conservation devices earn a discounted flat fee of $150.
On January 1, 1998, a Solar and Fuel Cell Tax Credit was put into effect under the laws of New York State. Solar water heat, solar space heat, photovoltaics, and fuel cells are eligible, but there are limits on size. Up to 25% of equipment and installation cost of a solar device, to a maximum of $5,000 can be taken as a personal tax credit on residential and multi-family residential installations.
A Solar, Wind & Biomass Energy Systems Exemption covers commercial, industrial, residential, and agricultural sectors and is applicable to solar water heat, solar space heat, solar thermal electric, solar thermal process heat, photovoltaics, wind, biomass, daylighting, and anaerobic digestion. The law which governs this provision went into effect in 1988, and has since provided a 15-year real property tax exemption equal to the increase in assessed value attributable to the clean energy system.
In the residential sector, passive solar space heat, solar water heat, solar space heat, and photovoltaic systems are eligible for a Solar Sales Tax Exemption, although the law stipulates that municipalities have the option of granting the local exemption.

EXAMPLE RESIDENTIAL SOLAR INSTALLATION
We ordinarily profile a solar installation in a state’s largest population center; however, this is a bit problematic in New York’s (and the nation’s) largest city. Manhattan, for example, comprises the most densely populated county in the U.S. – about 23 square miles of land with something like 66,940 residents per square mile. Not many single-family residential rooftops here for the installation of solar collectors. So let’s go northeast a few miles to New York State’s leading agricultural region: Suffolk County, which is home to about 1.5 million people spread out a little more comfortably over an area of 1,000 square miles.
New York State residents enjoy a relatively modest consumption of electrical power, averaging only 7,440 kWh annually, which for the majority of folks in Suffolk County is provided by the Long Island Power Authority. The state’s electrical rate, however, is the highest in the continental U.S. at 15.72 cents per kWh. The county’s solar power rating is “good”, and robust incentives make a solar installation here almost a no-brainer.

CONSENSUSElectric utility providers in New York State have limited capacities, overburdened transmission systems, and aging facilities which contribute to high rates and impaired service – including brown-outs and black-outs. This is an ideal environment for the use of solar power and other renewables to bring cost relief to customers while relieving some of the stress on the grid. Legislators in New York and even a few public utilities have implemented effective measures to encourage solar installations. Hopefully, New York’s leaders will continue their fine work and will take even greater advantage of the enormous opportunities here for solar energy development.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/new-york/

New Mexico

Solar Legislator Score: ****
The Land of Enchantment is doing great things to keep captivating residents and visitors alike with its mountains, deserts, lakes, and forests. The New Mexican legislature has been hard at work enacting solar and renewable energy programs to protect the natural beauty all around the state. This legislation will help preserve Pueblo and Aztec ruins, as well as many other great outdoor wonders. It goes without saying that the latest legislation will also help keep Santa Fe, Taos, and Truth or Consequences looking their best. Check out what the legislature has been doing recently to promote clean energy!

STATE LEGISLATION
In April 2004, Governor Bill Richardson signed executive order EO-04-019, which declared New Mexico “The Clean Energy State.” What does this mean? The first two objectives of the task force that he created were to work on concentrated solar power and residential and business solar applications. Since that time, the state has focused on developing renewable energy in general, and more importantly on the state’s abundant solar energy.
Also in 2004, the state legislature enacted the Schools with Sol program. Since that time, it has built solar electricity and hot water systems in 28 schools around New Mexico. This is a great program that not only reduces operating costs for these schools, but also works to teach students and teachers about the benefits of solar energy. In 2005, the Schools with Sol program was incorporated into the Clean Energy Grant Program. This program provides grants to help install new clean energy systems, including solar, around the state.
The Solar Market Development Income Tax Credit was passed in June 2006, offering a great tax credit for the installation of a solar system in a home or business. The credit is a 30% credit, with a cap at $9000.
In March 2007, the New Mexico legislature passed an amendment to the Solar Rights Act. This is a really cool law that prohibits Home Owners Associations and Cities from passing codes that prohibit the installation of solar panels. Even better, it is retroactive to 1978 when the original act was passed, voiding any such laws passed since that time. It makes the right to use solar energy a property right under New Mexico law.
New Mexico also doubled its efforts under the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) in 2007, requiring 20% of energy produced to come from renewable sources, including the sun, by the year 2020. Moreover, 20% of that renewable energy must be solar energy.
In July 2007, the legislature also passed Senate Bill 994, which offers a 6% tax credit to companies building solar thermal electric plants. The credit is capped at $60 million, so it should generate some serious efforts at solar energy production. Giving the solar industry a further boost is Senate Bill 463, which was passed earlier in 2007, giving a 5% tax credit to companies that produce renewable energy systems and components.

NET-METERING
As of January 2007, New Mexico now allows net-metering on facilities that generate up to 80MW. Under this program, the power company will pay you for the energy generated from your solar panels. Moreover, if you generate up to $50 more than you owe on your electric bill, the utility will credit your account. Beyond $50, the utility will write you a check.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVES
The state of New Mexico has been quite busy developing and updating incentive and rebate programs for both businesses and residential customers. One huge incentive is the PNM Customer Solar PV Program. Under this program, PNM, one of the largest utilities in New Mexico, will pay $0.13/kWh for excess energy generated by residential solar systems. When you consider that the average rate PNM customers pay out is only $0.0935/kWh, this is phenomenal!

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
A sample 3kW solar system in Albequerque, would cost about $45,000. However, with some serious rebates and incentives, including $10140 estimated payments for excess power sold back to the utility, and an $8458 state tax deduction, the cost is only about $26,770. Also worth noting is that with a state solar rating of Great, this system should pay for itself in between 8 and 15 years. It’s also a great investment for other reasons too since a solar electrical system can raise property values by as much as $12,000 or more.

CONSENSUS
New Mexico is definitely on the right track, putting out lots of effort to make sure that declaring itself the “Clean Energy State” is not just talk. With a wide range of incentives and tax rebates, along with clean energy workshops run by the New Mexico Public Regulation Commission, is really putting the sun to work above the Land of Enchantment. The state is getting serious about building a clean energy economy.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/new-mexico/

New Jersey

Solar Legislator Score: *****

“New Jersey’s Clean Energy Program™ is recognized as a national model for programs that spur market development and the adoption of clean, renewable energy technologies, managing programs to encourage energy efficiency, and assistance for low-income consumers.” That comes from the state’s website, and refers to actions that have distinguished New Jersey as a leader in promoting renewable energy and implementing progressive pro-solar initiatives. The state also just expanded the Renewable Portfolio Standard requiring the state’s utilities to produce about 1,500 mW of solar by 2021. For setting a high standard for others to follow, New Jersey’s legislators have earned a solar rating of “Excellent”.

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, and UTILITY INCENTIVES
The New Jersey Clean Energy Rebate Program provides incentives for the use of photovoltaics, landfill gas, wind, biomass, anaerobic digestion, and fuel cells using renewable fuels. Eligible sectors are commercial, residential, nonprofit, schools, and institutional. Rebates are highly variable based on a number of factors and capped for some energy sources. Program budget is $273 million (2005-2008).
In 1980 New Jersey instituted a Solar and Wind Energy Systems Exemption for the commercial, residential, and general public/consumer sectors. A full exemption from the state’s 7% sales tax are applicable to passive solar space heat, solar water heat, solar space heat, solar thermal electric, solar thermal process heat, photovoltaics, wind, and solar pool heating.
Marketable NJ Board of Public Utilities - Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs) can be earned by commercial, industrial, residential, nonprofit, schools, local government, state government, tribal government, fed. government, agricultural, and institutional sectors that generate solar-electric power.
Commercial and residential sectors are eligible for Net Metering on solar thermal electric, photovoltaics, landfill gas, wind, biomass, hydroelectric, geothermal electric, anaerobic digestion, tidal energy, wave energy, and fuel cells using renewable fuels on systems generating up to 2 mW. Excess power is credited to the next month’s bill and purchased by the utility at the end of the 12-month billing cycle.

EXAMPLE RESIDENTIAL SOLAR INSTALLATION
The Colonial settlement of Newark was founded in 1666 by settlers led by Robert Treat, who reportedly acquired the property from the Hackensack Indians for “gunpowder, one hundred bars of lead, twenty axes, twenty coats, guns, pistols, swords, kettles, blankets, knives, beer, and ten pairs of breeches”. A real bargain, it would seem. Modern Newark is about 24 square miles in size, roughly the size of Manhattan, and is home to nearly 300,000 residents. For the reasonably athletic, Newark is within walking distance of Manhattan on the opposite side of the Hudson River from Newark and Essex County. New Jersey has a relatively low average electrical consumption of 8,976 kWh annually, but rates at 11.74 cents/kWh, while noticeably lower than neighboring New York, are still higher than the U.S. average of 9.45 cents/kWh. In Newark, power is supplied by New Jersey’s oldest and largest provider, Public Service Electric & Gas. With that background, let’s see what can be accomplished with a residential solar energy system in sunny (solar rating: “Good”) Newark.
A solar collector system on a roof area of 350 square feet should be sufficient to reduce conventional electrical needs by 50%. Midrange equipment and installation costs are estimated at $31,500, but state and federal credits and rebates reduce that by almost half.

CONSENSUS
New Jersey’s Office of Clean Energy is charged with the success of the state’s aggressive Renewable Portfolio Standard, which depends in part on installing “sufficient solar capacity to meet the RPS requirements, at the lowest cost to ratepayers, taking into account other policy goals – fairness and equity to all ratepayer classes, job growth, improved reliability/security and improved environmental quality”. They have a big job facing them, but we applaud the New Jersey government and business leadership for putting their shoulders to the task.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/new-jersey/

New Hampshire

Solar Legislator Score: ***

Not bad, but there has been little legislative effort promoting residential solar power.
The State of New Hampshire appears to have a fairly aggressive program aimed at promoting energy efficiency, in both residential and business applications. However, the only recent solar initiative has been to mandate higher use of renewable energy sources by the state’s electric utility providers. Incentives for residential users have been very limited.

State Legislation
The most significant solar power legislation, House Bill 0873, was signed into law on May 11th, 2007 by New Hampshire Governor John Lynch. The “Electric Renewable Portfolio Standard” will require electric utilities to utilize solar power for 0.3% of their electrical power generation by the year 2014. The law also requires that by 2025, 16% of the state’s electricity needs must be supplied by other renewable energy sources.
Another state initiative, the “New Hampshire Solar on Schools Program” deserves honorable mention. Under grants administered by a joint partnership of the Governor’s Office of Energy and Community Service (ECS), Public Service of New Hampshire (PSNH), and Solar Works, Inc., of Wilton, NH, selected high schools are being equipped with a roof-mounted 1-kilowatt photovoltaic cell solar system. The program was started in 1998.

Utility Rebates, Utility Loans and Utility Programs
New Hampshire has a population of about 1.3 million people and an area of roughly 9,000 square miles that ranks it 40-something in size in the nation. In 2006, it was among the top 15 states participating in the EPA/DOE joint “Energy Star” program, in which 17% of the new homes being built in New Hampshire are typically 20% - 30% more energy efficient than conventional housing.
Although the state offers a number of incentive programs to businesses and homeowners for energy efficiency, few incentives are provided to promote alternative energy sources. “The State of New Hampshire does not offer grants, loans or rebates for the purchase or installation of renewable energy systems”, reports the state’s Office of Energy and Planning.
State law allows municipalities to offer renewable incentives in the form of property tax exemptions; 62 cities and towns (a little more than one-third of New Hampshire’s municipalities) offer these incentives. Solar technologies included under NH RSAs 72:61-72 are photovoltaics, solar space heating, solar water heating, and passive solar.

Example: 645 kWh/Month System - Home Installation Cost
Manchester, in the county of Hillsboro, is New Hampshire’s largest city with over 125,000 business establishments, approximately 110,000 people, and more than 583,000 housing units. The average residential electric utility bill in Hillsboro County is $87/month, just slightly under the national average. The area is rated “Good” for relative suitability of solar power.
Alas, only about one-third of New Hampshire’s municipalities offer property tax incentives for home-owners who install solar power or other renewable energy sources, and the city of Manchester is not one of them. Other state or municipal solar power incentives are equally lacking, leaving only federal tax credits as incentives to home-owners. Installation costs vary, but a mid-range system cost of $31,500 (net $29,500 after applying a $2,000 federal tax credit) was assumed in this example to achieve a 50% reliance on solar power. It should be noted that a roof area of 300 square feet is required.

Consensus
To an observer, New Hampshire appears to be fairly progressive in its approach to reducing energy consumption, but is doing little to encourage the residential use of renewable energy sources. Is the state missing an important opportunity here?

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/new-hampshire/

Nevada

Solar Legislator Score: ****

Nevada, land of just a little bit of everything; skiing, deserts, mountains, lakes, the annual Cowboy Poetry Gathering, and oh, yeah, Reno and Vegas. With all those lights keeping Vegas turned on, Nevada needs lots of electricity. That kind of demand calls for piles of nice, clean, renewable, solar power. Has the state legislature seen the light? Read on to see what’s shining on Nevada.

STATE LEGISLATION
Nevada’s Renewable Energy Standard
Nevada has taken a big step with the 2005 amendment to its renewable energy portfolio. By 2015, 20% of the state’s energy must come from renewable sources. Even better, 5% must be solar power! To meet that goal, power companies can apply for credits based upon the number of renewable kilowatts they generate – the largest credit is for Solar Power ($2.40/kW)! An extra little credit of $0.05 is added in for customer-generated electricity.
Nevada also now promotes green commercial construction, including developing solar power systems. If you build certified green power and other energy efficiency features into your business, you can take a property tax credit. As of 2007, the tax credit has been reduced to a maximum of 35% of your annual property tax. Why? Well, it was just too darn successful; in the first 2 years of the program, 63 million square feet of development space had applied for LEED certification (that’s the US government program for sustainable construction, and the criterion for the Nevada tax credit).

NET-METERING
Freshly amended in 2007, Nevada’s net-metering law allows for systems up to 1MW in capacity. Utilities can charge fees for systems over 100kW, but since your home system shouldn’t need that kind of capacity unless you intend to operate a giant space laser, no problem. If you generate more power than you need, you’ll get a credit on your next bill. The best thing about this law is that Nevada does not limit the amount of time that you can carry a credit (some states take the credit away after a year or so).

STATE INCENTIVE PROGRAMS, UTILITY REBATES, UTILITY LOANS, AND UTILITY INCENTIVES
Nevada has a great incentive for home solar energy installations. Sierra Pacific and Nevada Power Companies (the two major investor-owned utilities in the state), offer a $2.30/watt rebate through the Solar Generations project. Think about it – for the 3kW system described below, that’s $7,900. The credit maxes out at $11,500 for homeowners, businesses $69,000. This means you maximize the incentive at about a 5kW system – plenty of clean energy for your home needs. The best news, your legislators just made this rebate program permanent (it had been scheduled to expire in 2010).

EXAMPLE 3KW SYSTEM – HOME INSTALLATION COST
Nevada enjoys plenty of sunshine, making it a prime location for a home solar electric system. Installing a typical 3 kW system in Las Vegas would run about $26,000. By the time you take your $2.30/watt rebate ($6,900), and the federal tax credit ($2,000), you could get that price down to $17,100.
What? You still think that’s too rich for your blood? Assuming you use 1,300 kWh each month at a rate of $0.1056/kWh, your system will save you about $1,600 a year in electricity! That savings will only grow: estimates show your conventional electricity rate will rise 6% year over year. What’s more, your home value would increase by 20 times your annual savings ($32,000), and that’s tax free!

CONSENSUS
Nevada is well on its way to building a solar power market. The legislature has worked to build in some important incentives in the form of rebates and tax credits for renewable energies. Governor Jim Gibbons also has committed to studying ways to improve the infrastructure for connecting renewable power plants to the grid. As he says, “Renewable energy development is good for Nevada and good for the nation.” So, what happens in Vegas stays in Vegas, but what happens in Nevada could help the rest of the country too. Keep up the good work; solar power’s a good bet.

http://www.solarpowerrocks.com/nevada/